Yes. Temporarily.
For the automated setup of Direct Routing a “DirectRouting User” is created in the Microsoft Enterprise and assigned an available Microsoft User license and Phone System, or comparable, add-on.
You can recoup this license from the DirectRouting User once Direct Routing is fully established. If you created multiple direct routes, there will be one user for each route, including redundant routes. Be sure to recover the licenses from all of them.
See the steps to Recoup the License from DirectRouting User DirectRouting User After Direct Routing Setup here.